Hydrocephalus: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Introduction
Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. This build-up of fluid leads to an increase in intracranial pressure, potentially causing damage to the brain tissues. In this blog, Best Neurosurgeon in South Kolkata will talk about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options available for hydrocephalus.
Causes
Hydrocephalus can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. Congenital hydrocephalus often occurs due to genetic abnormalities or developmental disorders affecting the brain’s ventricular system. Acquired hydrocephalus may result from head injuries, brain tumors, infections (such as meningitis), or bleeding within the brain.
Symptoms
The symptoms of hydrocephalus can vary depending on the age of the affected individual. In infants, symptoms may include an enlarged head, bulging fontanelles (soft spots on the head), rapid increase in head circumference, seizures, irritability, poor feeding, and developmental delays. Older children and adults may experience headaches, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, difficulty in balancing, cognitive impairment, and personality changes says Top Hydrocephalus Specialist in Kolkata
Treatment
The treatment for hydrocephalus typically involves surgical intervention. The main goal is to divert or remove the excess CSF to relieve pressure on the brain. The most common surgical procedure is the insertion of a shunt system. This system consists of a flexible tube (shunt) with a one-way valve that is placed in the brain’s ventricles to drain excess fluid. The tube is then tunneled under the skin, usually to the abdominal cavity or the heart, where the fluid is absorbed into the bloodstream or reabsorbed elsewhere in the body.
In some cases, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) may be performed instead of a shunt. This procedure creates a new pathway for the CSF to flow, bypassing the obstruction. ETV is more suitable for certain types of hydrocephalus and can eliminate the need for a shunt.
Conclusion
Hydrocephalus is a complex condition that requires medical intervention to manage the excess accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent potential complications and minimize long-term neurological damage. If you or someone you know experiences symptoms associated with hydrocephalus, it is essential to consult the Best Neurosurgeon in Kolkata for a proper evaluation and guidance on the most appropriate treatment approach. With advancements in medical technology and ongoing research, the prognosis for individuals with hydrocephalus continues to improve, offering hope for a better quality of life.